PIES+Principles

=PIES Principles=

These principles govern how to successfully create a cooperative learning strategy that will be effective in engaging students in learning. The Kagan Structures have been designed with these principles in mind. Any other cooperative activity that a teacher might design will likewise be most effective if it addresses these principles too.

P: Positive Interdependence -- the activity is designed in a manner that involves all group members in an interactive manner, in which everyone's contribution is necessary to the completion of the task.

I: Individual Accountability -- each member can be called on individually to demonstrate his learning achieved through the group activity.

E: Equal Participation -- the activity is designed to promote equal involvement by all group members.

S: Simultaneous Interaction -- the activity is designed to allow each group to function independently of each other and the teacher, in order to use time most effectively.